The companies press release stated, “we sincerely regret having to suspend these services and the inconvenience that it will cause our loyal customers on both routes. In July 2010, Aer Arann confirmed it would end flights between Cork-Belfast and Cork-Dublin from the 31st of August 2010. In January 2010, Aer Arann and Aer Lingus founded Aer Lingus Regional which effectively removed Aer Arann's hubs at Cork and Dublin under the new airline. The airline's key routes were to remain unchanged. The airline stated that up to 100 redundancies would be needed, but this was later revised to 70 which would represent a 20% reduction of staff. In October 2008, the airline announced that it would be implementing a cost-saving programme, due to the downturn in passenger traffic, which would involve some focus on charter flights and leasing of aircraft and their crews to other airlines. The Amsterdam service, which was operated by an ATR 72-500, ended on 14 January 2009. In 2008, Aer Arann entered into a franchise agreement with Nex Aviation and introduced service to Amsterdam, Bordeaux, Málaga and Faro, using British Aerospace 146 aircraft during the summer months. In 2008, in recognition of the company's marketing achievements, the Head of Sales and Marketing, Colin Lewis was awarded the All Ireland Marketing Leader of the Year Award by the Marketing Institute of Ireland. In 2007, Aer Arann had a turnover of €100 million and passenger numbers in excess of 1.15 million. In 2002, service to the United Kingdom and Jersey was introduced, followed by service to Lorient and Nantes in Brittany in 2004. Also in 1998, the Irish government awarded the airline the Public service obligation (PSO) route between Donegal and Dublin followed by the PSO route between Sligo and Dublin. Ó Céidigh began to expand the airline's routes and fleet, launching scheduled services in 1998.
The turning point for the airline was in 1994 when Pádraig Ó Céidigh purchased the airline. As of 2010 it still uses Islander aircraft. This service has since been moved to the less distant Connemara Airport and operates as "Aer Arann Islands". Operations, using a single Britten-Norman Islander, began in August 1970. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis shows that there exists the optimal feedback strength where the robustness is the most improved.Aer Arann was established in 1970 to provide an island-hopping air service between Galway and the Aran Islands off the west coast of Ireland. Then, we clarify that the robustness of the ZPA spatial pattern to changes in system parameters is enhanced by adding the feedback regulation between the AER and the ZPA. We first show that with the feed-forward regulation only, the peak of ZPA activity can be formed distant from the AER as observed experimentally.
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We study the coupled dynamics of Shh expression in the ZPA and Fgf expression in the AER, and the relationship of the relative position between AER and ZPA. A recent experimental observation suggests that the FGF-signal regulates the Shh expression in a feed-forward manner with activation and repression regulatory pathways.
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Fgf expression in the AER and Shh expression in the ZPA are maintained by their positive feedback regulation mediated by diffusible molecules, FGF and SHH. For example, the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) and the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) are major morphogen sources in the limb bud formation of vertebrates. In the development of organs, multiple morphogen sources are often involved, and interact with each other.
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